Raat ke nau baje hain. Bheed-bhaad wale bazaar me aapki jeb kat gayi — mobile aur paise dono gaye. Aap thane pahunchte hain. Munshi aapki baat sunta hai aur diary ek taraf rakh kar kehta hai — “Ye hamare thane ke area ka mamla nahi hai. Jahan chori hui hai, wahan ke thane jao.”
Aap wapas aa jate hain. Dusra thana bees kilometer door hai. Subah tak himmat toot chuki hoti hai, aur FIR kabhi darj nahi hoti.
Agar ye kahani suni-sunai lag rahi hai to ek baat dhyan se samajh lijiye: 1 July 2024 ke baad thane ka ye bahana khatm ho chuka hai. Naye kanoon me aap kisi bhi thane me FIR darj kara sakte hain — use Zero FIR kehte hain. Aur sirf yehi nahi, FIR se juda lagbhag har niyam badal gaya hai. Is article me hum wahi poori nayi prakriya saral bhasha me samjhenge.
Sabse pehle: FIR hoti kya hai?
FIR ka matlab hai First Information Report — kisi apradh ki sabse pehli likhit suchna jo police ko di jati hai. Ye koi aam shikayat nahi hai. FIR darj hote hi police ke liye jaanch shuru karna kanooni zimmedari ban jati hai, aur usi FIR number par poora case aage badhta hai — giraftari, challan, court me chargesheet, sab kuch.
Seedhe shabdon me: jis din FIR darj hui, us din se aapka mamla kagaz par “shuru” mana jata hai. Isiliye apradh ke turant baad FIR karana sabse zaroori kadam hai — der karne par saboot mitne ka khatra rehta hai aur baad me sawal bhi uthte hain ki “itne din kahan the?”
2024 ke baad sabse bada badlav: purane section number bhul jaiye
1 July 2024 se desh me teen naye kanoon lagu ho gaye hain — Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS) ne IPC ki jagah li, Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS) ne CrPC ki, aur Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam (BSA) ne Evidence Act ki.
FIR se jude section number isiliye badal gaye hain. Bahut si website aur YouTube video aaj bhi purane number bata rahe hain — unse bhramit mat hoiye:
| Vishay | Purana kanoon | Naya kanoon (1 July 2024 se) |
|---|---|---|
| FIR darj karana | CrPC 154 | BNSS 173 |
| Non-cognizable suchna | CrPC 155 | BNSS 174 |
| Magistrate dwara jaanch ka aadesh | CrPC 156(3) | BNSS 175(3) |
Matlab aaj ke baad kahin “154 me FIR” sunen to samajh jaiye — baat purane kanoon ki ho rahi hai. Naya number hai BNSS ki dhara 173.
Kin mamlo me FIR darj hoti hai?
FIR sirf cognizable apradh me darj hoti hai — matlab aise apradh jinme police bina warrant ke giraftar kar sakti hai aur bina court ke aadesh ke jaanch shuru kar sakti hai. Jaise:
- Chori, dakaiti, loot
- Maar-peet, hatya, hatya ka prayas
- Thagi, dhokhadhadi
- Mahilaon ke khilaf apradh
- Cyber thagi
Aur jhagde-jhanjhat, gali-galauj, mamuli maar-peet jaise non-cognizable mamlo me thana FIR nahi, NC (non-cognizable) complaint darj karta hai — BNSS ki dhara 174 ke tahat. Aise mamlo me police bina magistrate ke aadesh ke jaanch nahi kar sakti. Isiliye thana agar kahe ki “ye NC ka mamla hai”, to ghabrayen nahi — ye inkar nahi, dusri prakriya hai.
Zero FIR: “dusre thane ka mamla hai” — ab ye jawab nahi chalega
Ye is article ki sabse kaam ki jaankari hai. BNSS ki dhara 173 ko Zero FIR ko kanooni manyata de di gayi hai. Iska matlab:
- Aap desh ke kisi bhi thane me FIR darj kara sakte hain — chahe ghatna kahin bhi hui ho.
- Thana “hamare area ka nahi hai” keh kar mana nahi kar sakta.
- Aisi FIR ko “0” (zero) number diya jata hai, isiliye ise Zero FIR kehte hain.
- Us thane ko file sambandhit (jurisdiction wale) thane ko transfer karni hoti hai — aam taur par ye kaam jaldi hona chahiye.
Ye vyavastha khaas taur par un halaton ke liye hai jahan peedit turant sahi thane tak nahi pahunch sakta — gambhir apradh, mahilaon ke mamle, ya jab ghatna safar ke dauran hui ho. Saboot bachane ke liye turant FIR sabse zaroori hai — sahi thana dhundhne me der karna saboot mitne de sakta hai.
e-FIR: ghar baithe suchna, teen din me sign
BNSS ki dhara 173 me ek aur nayi suvidha hai — electronic communication se suchna. Matlab aap thane gaye bina online ya electronic madhyam se apradh ki suchna de sakte hain. Lekin ek shart hai: suchna dene ke teen din ke andar aapko us par sign karne thane jana hota hai.
Haryana me online shikayat ka tareeka: aam taur par haryanapolice.gov.in par citizen services me jakar CCTNS citizen system se, ya Saral Haryana / Harsamay portal se shikayat darj ki ja sakti hai. Portal par form me ghatna ki tarikh, samay, sthan, vivaran aur saboot (photo, video) upload karke submit karna hota hai, aur reference number milta hai jisse status track kiya ja sakta hai. Gambhir mamlo me thane jakar bayan dena aur sign karna phir bhi zaroori hota hai.
Cyber thagi ke liye khaas: 19 May 2025 ko Grih Mantralaya ne e-Zero FIR yojana shuru ki hai. Agar cyber thagi ki shikayat cybercrime.gov.in portal ya 1930 helpline par darj hoti hai aur rakam badi hai (lagbhag 10 lakh rupaye se upar), to shikayat apne aap Zero FIR me badal jati hai. Uske baad teen din ke andar sambandhit cybercrime thane jakar use niyamit FIR me badlna hota hai. Filhal ye Delhi me pilot ke taur par shuru hui hai.
Thane me FIR darj karane ke practical kadam
Kadam 1 — Likhit shikayat taiyar rakhen. Thane jane se pehle ek saaf-suthre kagaz par SHO (thana prabhari) ko sambodhit application likh len. Isme ye paanch baaten zaroor hon: kya hua, kab hua (tarikh-samay), kahan hua (sthan), kaise hua (ghatna ka kram), aur kaun shamil tha (naam-pata, agar pata ho). Andaza ya afwah na likhen — sirf wahi jo aapne khud dekha ya jhela.
Kadam 2 — Thane me suchna den. Application SHO ko den. Agar aap maukhik batate hain to police use likhegi, phir aapko padhkar sunayegi — dhyan se sunen, galti ho to turant sudharwayen, phir hi sign karen. Bina padhe sign kabhi na karen.
Kadam 3 — FIR ki muft copy len. Kanoon ke tahat FIR darj hone par aapko uski ek copy bilkul muft milni chahiye. FIR darj karane ka koi shulk nahi hai — agar koi paise mange to ye galat hai. Copy par FIR number, dharaen aur thane ki muhar check kar len.
Mahilaon ke liye khaas niyam: BNS ki dhara 64 se 79 aur 124 ke tahat mahilaon ke khilaf apradhon me mahila suchnakarta ka bayan mahila police adhikari dwara hi darj kiya jana chahiye. Ye niyam isiliye hai taaki shikayat dene me jhijhak na ho.
Thana FIR likhne se mana kare to — poori seedhi (ladder)
Ye woh hissa hai jo aapko sabse zyada kaam ayega. Kanoon ne inkar ki sthiti me ek tay kram banaya hai — seedhi ek-ek karke chadhen:
Seedhi 1 — SP ko likhit shikayat (BNSS 173(4)). Agar thana prabhari FIR darj na kare to ghatna ka vivaran likh kar Superintendent of Police (SP) ko bhejen. Supreme Court keh chuka hai ki SP ke paas jana aage ki karwai ke liye zaroori shart hai — ise chhod kar seedha aage mat badhen.
Seedhi 2 — Magistrate ke paas (BNSS 175(3)). SP se bhi baat na bane to Judicial Magistrate ke samne application den — lekin shapath-patra (affidavit) ke saath, jisme likha ho ki aap pehle SP ke paas ja chuke hain. Magistrate phir jaanch ka aadesh de sakta hai.
Seedhi 3 — High Court (aakhiri vikalp). Supreme Court ne saaf kaha hai ki FIR darj na hone par pehle BNSS ke yehi upay istemal karen — seedha High Court jana aam taur par sahi rasta nahi hai, jab tak koi bahut urgent ya asadharan sthiti na ho.
Ek aur taaza khabar: September 2026 me Haryana ke Mukhyamantri ne “Satark Haryana” app launch kiya hai — isse State Vigilance and Anti-Corruption Bureau ko bhrashtachar ki shikayat seedha mobile se bheji ja sakti hai, aur niyamon ke dayre me FIR ki copy bhi download ki ja sakti hai. Ye app filhal Google Play Store par uplabdh hai. Agar thane me koi paise mange ya pareshan kare, to bhrashtachar ki shikayat ka ye ek seedha rasta hai.
Aam galtiyan jo log karte hain
- “Dusre thane ka hai” sun kar wapas aa jana — Zero FIR ka adhikar istemal karen, bahas se na daryen.
- Bina padhe sign kar dena — likhi hui suchna me galat naam, tarikh ya sthan baad me aapke hi khilaf ja sakta hai.
- Der se FIR karana — der ka karan FIR me likhwayen, varna shak hota hai.
- Paise de dena — FIR aur uski copy dono muft hain.
- Gusse me gaali ya baddua likhwana — tathya likhen, bhavnaen nahi; kanooni kagaz me shabd tol kar chunen.
- Copy na lena — FIR number ke bina aage koi karwai track nahi ho sakti.
- Jhoothi ya badhai-chadhai FIR — jhoothi suchna dena khud aap par kanooni karwai ka karan ban sakta hai.
Myth vs Fact
| Galatfahmi (Myth) | Sachchai (Fact) |
|---|---|
| Raat me thana FIR nahi likhta | FIR kisi bhi samay darj karai ja sakti hai — apradh samay nahi dekhta |
| Vakil ke bina FIR nahi hoti | Vakil ki zaroorat nahi; koi bhi vyakti suchna de sakta hai |
| Chhote mamle me FIR nahi likhi jati | Apradh cognizable hai to FIR darj karni hi hogi |
| Ek baar FIR ho gayi to wapas nahi hoti | Jaanch me tathya na mile ya samjhauta ho to kanooni prakriya se samapti sambhav hai — vakil se salah len |
Aksar puche jane wale sawal
1. Kya FIR poori tarah online darj ho sakti hai?
Suchna electronic madhyam se di ja sakti hai, lekin BNSS ke tahat teen din ke andar us par sign karna zaroori hai. Isiliye gambhir mamlo me thane jana to padega hi — online shikayat shuruaat hai, poori FIR nahi.
2. Zero FIR aur aam FIR me kya farak hai?
Zero FIR kisi bhi thane me darj hoti hai aur use “0” number milta hai; phir use sahi thane ko transfer kar diya jata hai. Uske baad wahi mamla aam FIR ki tarah aage badhta hai.
3. Thana FIR likhne se saaf mana kar de to sabse pehla kadam kya ho?
Likh me SP ko shikayat bhejen (BNSS 173(4)). Phir bhi baat na bane to shapath-patra ke saath Magistrate ke paas jayen (175(3)). Har kagaz ki copy sambhal kar rakhen.
4. Kya FIR darj karane me koi fees lagti hai?
Bilkul nahi. FIR darj karana aur uski copy lena dono muft hain. Paise mangna galat hai — iski shikayat SP ko ya Satark Haryana app par ki ja sakti hai.
5. Kya main kisi aur ke liye FIR darj kara sakta hoon?
Haan. Kanoon kehta hai ki cognizable apradh ki suchna koi bhi vyakti de sakta hai — zaroori nahi ki peedit khud aaye.
6. Cyber thagi me turant kya karen?
Sabse pehle 1930 par call karen ya cybercrime.gov.in par shikayat darj karen — jaldi shikayat par paise freeze hone ki sambhavna badh jati hai. Badi rakam par e-Zero FIR apne aap ban sakti hai.
7. FIR ki copy kho gayi to?
Thane se dobara copy li ja sakti hai. Haryana me Satark Haryana app se bhi niyamon ke dayre me FIR copy download ki ja sakti hai.
Note: Ye jaankari aam kanooni jagrukta ke liye hai, kisi vyaktigat mamle ki salah nahi. Gambhir ya uljhe mamlo me faisla lene se pehle kisi anubhavi vakil se salah zaroor len.
